Entangling Vines Read online

  Nanquan Puyuan; bio, 254–55; and the autumn-moon turning-phrases, 82; and King Udayana’s Buddha image, 117; and the fried dumplings, 77; and his greatness of mind, 108; losing both the ox and the fire, 104; and Lu Gen, 173, 249–50; mind is not buddha, 101; and “not knowing it,” 83; not-mind, not-buddha, [not-things], 162–63; rebirth as a water buffalo, 91, 255; and his sickle, 57; and the views of Mañjuśrī and Samantabhadra, 174; visited in his hermitage by a monk, 127; on where he went after death, 208; and the word beyond wisdom, 192; misc., 17, 220, 228, 252, 273, 283

  Nanshan Vinaya school, 225–26

  Nantang Yuanjing; bio, 255; and demon, 61; ten admonitions, 74–75

  Nanyang Huizhong; bio, 255–56; and the circle-figures, 189–90; and the court monk Zilin, 205; let down by his attendant, 53; and the seamless tower, 256; misc., 225, 228, 273

  Nanyuan Huiyong; bio, 256; on simultaneous pecking and tapping, 154; and the prophecy on Fengxue, 162; and the staff of the south, 165, 166; misc., 231

  Nanyue Huairang; bio, 256–57; and polishing the tile, 122; on practice and realization, 106; and according with the samadhi of formlessness, 186; verse on the mind-ground, 186; misc., 171, 242, 252, 256, 267

  nature, see original nature, true nature, self-nature

  needle; eye of, 182; tiptoe on the point of, 126

  nenbutsu, 237, 279

  New Treatise on the Avataṁsaka Sutra, 188, 247

  ni (exclamation), 61, 62

  Niaoke Daolin; bio, 257; meditating in a pine tree, 176

  Nikāyas, Pali, 182

  Nine-Dragon Carriage, 161, 243

  nirmāṇakāya, 136; Śākyamuni as example of, 44

  Nirvana Sutra, 188, 217, 277; on buddha nature, 65

  nirvana, 49, 78, 79, 89, 187, 205; ineffable mind of, 119; of Nanyang, 256; and repaying debts, 142; single road to, 121; virtuous practicers not entering, 49; misc.

  no-birth, 247, 278

  Noble Voice, 117, 118

  no-form, four realms of, 147

  nonbeing, 184, 193

  non-Buddhists, 78, 187

  non-Buddhist teachers, 78–79, 214, 252

  nondoing, 48, 123, 151

  nonduality, 120, 205; of body and mind, 100

  Northern school, 238

  nostrils, of Indra, 121

  nothing to do, people with, 158

  no-thought, person of, 106

  not-knowing and not-understanding, 186

  not-mind, not-buddha, [not-things], 163

  ocean; and the four continents, 35; o. of meaning, o. of writing (in the circle figures), 190, 191; throwing a drop of water into the, 113

  officially even a needle is not permitted, 152

  old woman; burns down a hermitage, 132–33; and Ciming, 144, 159–60; and Deshan at the teahouse, 227; and Linji on his begging rounds, 177; on the road to Mount Wutai, 39–40

  On Believing in Mind, 184, 260, 269

  one-word barriers, Yunmen’s, 35, 46, 47, 52, 132, 282

  ordaination, and nine generations of ancestors reborn in heaven, 94

  ordinary mind is the Way, 97

  ordination certificate, 131

  original emptiness, see emptiness

  original face, 12, 71, 83, 156; before your parents were born, 34; is right before you, 184, 199

  original nature, 72, 75, 81, 180, 220, 272

  Ōtōkan lineage, 10, 11, 17, 246, 254, 265

  ox; through a lattice window, 43; as metaphor for darkness (equality), 105; lost at midnight, 104, 105; cart, 122; tending an, 220

  oxen; cats and, 83; cannot pull a word from a government office, 81

  palm fronds, 71

  Pang Yun, see Layman Pang

  paper; curtain, 115; half-sheet of, 89; torch, 113, 114

  Parinirvāṇa, Buddha’s, 80

  Parrot Island, 167

  partridge, 84; song, 46; as symbol of homesickness, 46

  Patriarch, meaning of coming from the West, 59, 76, 133, 232; see also Bodhidharma, meaning of coming from the West

  peace, 187; mind is at, 33, 238; of mind, 37, 72, 250, 275; sitting in, 43; world is at, 104

  peach; blossoms, 36–37, 90, 172, 173, 248; branches, 51–52; pit, thousand-year, 194

  peak; of another mountain, 90; Dayu P., 33, 116, 201; Eagle P., 126; of Mount Wutai, 227; purple, 95; rugged, 152; solitary, 83, 84, 110, 113; Vulture P., 93, 119; one is not white, 42; of Wondrous Mountain, 90

  pearl(s); bright, in the dusts of delusion 201; in the purple-curtained room, 108, 109

  pecking and tapping, 154

  peddlers, pushing carts under the moon, 128

  Pei Xiu, 54; bio, 258; and the Essentials of the Transmission of Mind, 258; misc. 239, 280

  perception, 93, 102; and function, 160, 161, 174

  periods; five, of the Buddhist teachings, 187–88; ten, of past, present, and future, 175, three, of time, 106

  persecution of Buddhism; under Emperor Wuzong, 140, 222, 227, 229, 258, 274, 275, 279; under Emperor Wu, 260

  person, 60, 81, 91, 178–79; awakened, 148; at a busy crossroads, 84; clear-eyed, 206, 217; liberated, 143; of no rank, 146–47, 191; of no-thought, no-abiding, nocultivation, and no-attainment, 106; and surroundings, Linji’s views on, 125, 126, 173; on top of a solitary peak, 84

  phantom-person, 139

  phoenix, 82; of Danshan, 120

  pillar; conceiving, 41, 42; in Daitō’s turning-phrases, 127; “does a p. tire?” 179; monk from Silla runs into a, 164; and not perceiving a single dharma, 135; as a symbol of no-mind, 42, 127, 135, 164, 179

  pine trees; Linji plants, 161; thousand-foot, 208, 209

  Piyun; bio, 258; and Magu’s hand-cloth, 115

  plants, Layman Pang’s comment on, 88

  Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch, 202, 241

  Poems of Venerable Longya Judun, 249

  Pointing at the Moon Record, 235

  Poison-painted Drum (Zudokko), 19

  polo, 178

  Prajñā Is Not Knowledge, 261

  prajñā (wisdom), 62, 193, 198, 251, 261

  prajñā-pāramitā; sutras, 176, 188, 242; texts, 254

  Prajñātara, 218

  pratyekabuddha, 180; offerings to, 106

  Precious Flowers of the Lamp Transmission, 270

  preta (hungry ghosts), 75, 79, 94, 175

  Priests Do Not Bow before Kings, 243

  primordial chaos, 41, 42, 142

  Prince Nata, 196, 254

  principle, 136; abstruse, 36, 168; essential, 122; great, 92; Mañjuśrī as symbol of, 166; marvelous, 279; realm of, 100, 136–37; relation with phenomena, 100, 136–37; of the teaching, 206; teaching through, 142–43; transcendent, 117

  Punyayaśas, 215

  puppet(s); of Linji, 136; show, 143

  Pure Land tradition, 243

  Pūrvavideha, 35

  Qianfeng, see Yuezhou Qianfeng

  Qiannu, 51, 52

  Qingliang Taiqin; bio, 258; and the unfinished koan, 77

  Qingshui; bio, 258; and best wine of Qingyuan

  Qingsu; bio, 258; and the lychee fruit, 123; and the final word, 123; misc., 230

  Qingyuan Xingsi, 208, 209, 242, 256, 257, 263, 275, 277

  Qinshan Wensui; bio, 258–59; struck and injured by Deshan, 199–200

  quietism, 50

  rabbit, pushing a cart, 193

  rakṣasas, land of the, 60, 280

  reality, 56, 84, 136, 184, 198, 199

  realizations, ten, 198

  realm(s); of the animals, 208; of Buddha, 123, 125; of the dead, 51, 52; of desire, 117, 205, 251; of emancipation, 79; of existence, 75; of form, 205; of formlessness, 205; four dharma r., 100, 136–37; heavenly, 94; of hungry ghosts, 94; infinite, 175, 94; of Mara, 123, 125; of no-form, 147; of nothingness, 99; of phenomena, 100, 136; of principle, 100, 136; of pure clarity, 150; of the universe, 100; of the unobstructed and mutual interpenetration of principle and phenomena, 100, 137; of the unobstructed and mutual interpenetration of phenomena and phenomena, 100, 137; see also t
hree realms

  reason, in the Buddha’s teaching, 67, 142

  rebirth, 232; of Devadatta as a buddha, 228; endless r. of the deluded, 232; as a fox, 58; after the Great Death, 129; in the heavenly realms, 94; of Maitreya, 251; in the Pure Land, 243; as a sage, 63; and the supernatural powers of Yunmen, 139; in the Three Realms, 205; as a water buffalo, 73, 208

  Record of Ciming, 193

  Record of Daitō, 21

  Record of Dongshan, 94, 166

  Record of Equanimity, 10, 239; and the three types of sickness, 44; Case 13, 164; Case 14, 171; Case 18, 65; Case 38, 147; Case 44, 181; Case 47, 38; Case 57, 36; Case 79, 49, 220–21; Case 87, 56; Case 89, 137; Case 100, 180

  Record of Foyan, 179

  Record of Langye, 183

  Record of Layman Pang, 88

  Record of Linji, 10, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 29, 52, 84, 86–87, 136, 147, 148, 149, 150, 158, 161, 162, 164, 172, 173, 180, 225, 250, 260, 273; English translations of, 20–21; and exhausting karma, 48; on slaying the Buddha, 52

  Record of Songyuan, 173

  Record of the Source Mirror, 279

  Record of the Transmission of the Dharma in the True School, 233

  Record of the True School of Linji, 56

  Record of Xutang, 10, 17, 21, 80, 128

  Record of Yunmen, 169–70

  Recorded Sayings of Muzhou, 16

  Recorded Sayings of the Ancient Worthies, 17

  Recorded Sayings of Xutang, “Alternate Answers,” 276

  red flesh, hunk of, 146, 147

  red threads, 126

  red-bearded foreigner, 58

  relics (śarīra); and Danxia, 64; and Emperor Xianzong, 194–95

  Rentian yanmu, 161

  renunciation, Huangbo’s three levels of, 63

  rice; gruel, 38; importance of one grain of, 177, 178

  rivers, the birds, the trees…, all chant the name of Dharma, 229

  Rivet-and-Shears Hu (Hu Dingjiao); bio, 239; driving a rivet into the void, 109; misc., 108

  robe, 93, 98; of Buddha, 74, 175; of Ciming, 145–46; monk’s, 93; paper, 170, 285; purple, 131, 223, 233, 263, 267, 281, 285; of the Sixth Patriarch, 33–34, 201, 242; smelly, 158; split in two, 182

  robe and bowl of the Sixth Patriarch, 33–34, 201, 242

  Ruiyan Shiyan; bio, 259; calling to the Master, 39

  Śākyamuni; bio, 259; and Devadatta, 103, 227–28; and the Golden-Millet Tathāgata, 100; holds up a flower, 110, 119; as the Old Foreigner, 51, 52; as the skillful weaverwoman, 206; transmission of the Dharma to Mahākāśyapa, 93, 119; and a woman in samadhi, 67–68, 89; misc., 34, 58, 139, 198, 227, 228, 233, 247, 251, 269; see also Buddha

  salt; or sauce, 70; selling privately on a public highway, 183

  samadhi, 64, 79; Flower Adornment, 185; formless, 186; of the infant, 192; Jeweledmirror, 266; of the Joyful Play of the Lion, 148; light of, 44; in the Lotus Sutra, 68; and Maitreya, 251; and “ocean of meaning,” 191; of perfect freedom, 45; in the Śūraṅgama Sutra, 64; of a woman, 67–68, 89

  Samantabhadra; bio, 259–60; and the attainment of Dharma freedom, 185; as the Elephant King, 160; and the function of teaching and practice, 188; and the light of wisdom, 44; and Mañjuśrī, 44, 150, 161, 166, 174, 251, 259; and Mount Emei, 40; losing his domain, 188; riding a white elephant, 150; and Vairocana, 188; misc., 251, 267

  samāpatti, 121

  śamatha-vipaśyanā, 231, 278

  saṃbhogakāya, 43, 136; Amitābha Buddha as example of, 43

  samsara, 52, 205, 280; see also birth-and-death

  sangha; destroying the harmony of, 86, 87, 103, 228; and Devadatta, 103, 228; do not join the, 78–79; expulsion from the, after breaking the precepts, 138; government control of, 131, 243; merit of donating food to, 182; ordination certificates and, 131; seek nothing from the, 79, 196

  Sanghadeva, 243

  Sanjaya Belatthiputta, 252, 260

  Sanlun school, 255

  Sansheng Huiran; bio, 260; and Linji’s Dharma, 164; and Nanquan’s death, 208; misc., 108, 109, 273

  sanzen, 104, 118

  Śariputra; bio, 260; misc., 183, 228, 252

  Sarvāstivāda school, 243

  seal of realization, 135, 136

  seamless tower of Nanyang, 256

  Second Patriarch (Huike), see Huike

  secret koan records (missan roku), 17–18

  seeing self-nature and attaining buddhahood, 206

  Seiryō-ji (Kyoto), 118

  self-nature, 81, 206, 264; see also original nature, true nature, mind-nature

  Semblance Dharma, age of, 120

  Sengcan (Third Patriarch); bio, 260; and no duality in the Dharma, 184; misc., 240

  Sengzhao, 84; bio, 260–61; treatises of, 261

  senses, six, as ‘the six teachers’, 78

  separate teaching transmitted outside the sutras, 66, 75, 111, 119

  service for others; Huike, 241; koans on; “Guishan’s ‘Water Buffalo”,’ 73; “Nanquan’s ‘Water buffalo’,” 91; “Nantang’s ‘Other Realms’,” 74–75

  sesame rice-cakes, 89, 90

  Seven Buddhas of the Past, 58, 139, 203; transmission verses of, 139

  seven destinations, 187; see also six realms of existence

  seventh consciousness, 130

  Shangu (poet Huang Tingjian); bio, 261; and the sweet-olive blossoms, 44–45

  Shanguo Yue’an, 265

  Shending Hongyin; bio, 261; and his encounter with the Lion of West River, 145–46; misc., 233

  Shenxiu, 238

  Shexian Guixing; bio, 261; and Shoushan’s stick, 118

  Shide, 237

  Shinchi Kakushin, 271

  Shishuang Chuyuan (Ciming); bio, 262; and the bowl of water, 129; and Dadao Guquan, 144; eccentricities, 100, 128, 129, 144, 145–46; as enlightened teacher, 14; entrusting the Great Matter to Yangqi, 152; foolish or wise, 100; Huanglong receiving stick from dawn to dusk, 159; and “Hundred-foot Pole” koan, 49; Lion of West River, 145–46, 262; and the original face, 134; and the single word, 134; and his tiger’s roar, 145; on the Way, 193; and his woman, 144, 159–60; and a wild, uncut meadow, 152; and the winter solstice signboard, 128, 129; and Yangqi’s turningphrase, 144; misc., 123, 223, 231, 236, 240, 258, 276

  Shishuang Qingzhu; bio, 262–63; and a grain of rice, 178; and the grass by the monastery gate, 137; and the springless lock, 78; misc., 238, 250, 282

  Shishuang Xingkong; bio, 263; and the man in a well, 76

  shit, dry piece of, 46

  Shitou Xiqian; bio, 263; and advice from the Sixth Patriarch, 208; “In Praise of Identity,” 111; misc., 225, 226, 257, 268

  Shōchū Debate, and Shūhō Myōchō, 265

  Shoukuo; bio, 264; and the sages of old, 171; misc., 231

  Shoushan Shengnian; bio, 264; and the Buddha’s lotus-blue eyes, 110; and the Noble Voice, 118; and the skillful weaverwoman, 206; and his stick, 118; and the sutra from which all buddhas issue, 72; misc., 231, 234, 261, 270

  shout(s), 184, 203; blind and wild, 109; consecutive s. by Ciming and Yangqi, 152; that deafened Baizhang for three days, 151; and guest examining host, 150; Linji’s, 109, 148, 157, 227, 249; and Sansheng’s blind ass, 164; and the stick, 66, 108, 142, 249, 252, 283; by Linji’s two head monks, 149; and the word ni, 62; by Xinghua and the blind-oaf monk, 153; by Yantou at his death, 278

  Shouzhou Liangsui; bio, 264; at Magu’s gate, 141

  shrine, earth-spirit, 114

  Shuangshan Yuan; bio, 264; and the windbleached signpost, 53

  Shūhō Myōchō (Daitō Kokushi); bio, 264–65; and his doubts about Musō, 181; and Gojō Bridge, 264–65; and “iron,” 142; and his three questions, 100; and his three turning-phrases, 127; misc., 10, 17, 246, 254, 268

  Shui’an Shiyi; bio, 265; and the barbarian with no beard, 101

  Shūmon kattōshū; Ansei edition, 18–19; additional koans in Ansei edition, 18; Daitoku-ji school and, 18; Genroku edition, 18, 26; Hakuin Zen and, 19; Hekizen hekigo and, 18; history of, 10–11, 15–19; Japanese koans
in, 10; Japanese Rinzai school and, 11; Kajitani Sōnin edition, 19–20; kinshishū and, 18; koans from the Blue Cliff Record, 16; koans from the Record of Linji, 16; koans from the Record of Xutang, 17; koans from the Wumen guan, 16; and the Kuzō kattōshō, 15; meaning of the title, 15–16; Myōshin-ji school Tōkai lineage and, 18; Ōtōkan lineage and, 10–11, 17–18; Sōtō school and, 18; Xutang Zhiyu and, 17

  Shushan Guangren; bio, 265–66; and Dongshan’s transmission of the Dharma to Caoshan Benji, 266; 56; “being” and “nonbeing,” 54–56; and paying for the memorial tombstone, 116–17

  sickle, Nanquan’s, 57

  sickness; three types of, 43, 44; see also illness

  signpost, broken, 53

  Śikhin Buddha, 58

  silence and speech, 85

  silent illumination Zen, 224, 237, 239, 262

  Silla, 217; monk from, 163–64

  sin(s), 192; five deadly, 86–87

  single road to nirvana (enlightenment, liberation), 100, 103, 121

  sitting cloth, 59, 109, 115, 217; to spread, 59

  Śiva, 182

  six earth-shakings, 147–48

  six realms of existence (six paths, six ways), 75, 187 205, 263

  Sixin Wuxin; bio, 266; and the fragrance of the sweet-olive blossoms, 45

  Sixth Patriarch (Huineng); and the banner in the wind, 86; and the circle-figures, 190; criticizing Wolun, 202; and any explanation is off the mark, 106; wise friend and teacher, 94; misc., 225; see also Huineng

  Skanda, 182

  skandhas; five, 92, 93; ceaselessly produced by the mind, 92

  sky; Baoshou’s applying the staff to, 108, 109; cloudless, 64; empty, 59; Great Pure, 41, 42; radiant phoenix dances in, 82

  sleeves, shaken, 82, 83, 110, 152, 172

  smile, of Mahākāśyapa, 119

  snake; biting a monk, 204; dead in the road, 98, 99; iron s. across the ancient road, 82; tail of a, 163, 204; well-bucket rope mistaken for, 194

  snow; covers a thousand mountains, 42; a silver bowl filled with, 217; and a snowy egret, 38

  snowy egret, 38

  solitary peak, 83, 84, 110, 113

  Song of Enlightenment, 184

  Songshan Hui’an; bio, 266–67; misc., 106, 257

  Songyuan Chongyue; bio, 267; on Langye Huijue, 183; on Linji and Zhaozhou’s “washing my feet” mondō, 172; and his three turning-phrases, 126; misc., 93, 252, 281

  Southern Cross, 120

  Southern school of Zen, 238, 242

  special transmission outside the teachings, 66, 75, 111, 119